Journey to the Heart of History: Ancient Structures and Their Stories in Turkey
1. Göbekli Tepe – Şanlıurfa
Göbekli Tepe is known as the oldest temple complex in the world. Dating back to around 9600 BC, this site holds great mystery for historians and archaeologists. Göbekli Tepe, which plays a significant role in answering many questions about human history, is not just a place of worship but also an ancient settlement. The stone structures and carvings at Göbekli Tepe provide valuable insights into the beliefs and lifestyles of ancient civilizations. While some legends suggest that Göbekli Tepe was built by extraterrestrial beings, most scholars agree that it was a human-made structure.
2. Ephesus Ancient City – İzmir
Ephesus is one of the best-preserved and most important ancient cities in the world. Once the capital of the Roman Empire, Ephesus is famous for structures like the Temple of Artemis and the Library of Celsus. The Temple of Artemis is also considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The important structures of Ephesus showcase the grandeur and culture of the Roman period. The myths surrounding Ephesus include divine interventions in the construction of the temple and the sacred powers of Artemis.
3. Aspendos Ancient Theater – Antalya
Located in the Serik district of Antalya, the Aspendos Ancient Theater is one of the best-preserved Roman theaters. With a capacity of 15,000 people, it is one of the largest theaters of the ancient world. Aspendos is still used for events today. It is said that the stones used in the theater were carefully chosen to achieve an extraordinary sound system. Local legends surround the construction of the theater, with stories about divine interventions and secret details behind the scenes.
4. Troy Ancient City – Çanakkale
Troy, the legendary city from Homer’s famous epic "The Iliad," has left its mark on history. However, Troy is not just a mythological city but also a historical fact. The famous Trojan War between the Trojans and the Greeks is detailed in Homer’s "Iliad." Many myths and legends surround this war, with the most famous being the tale of the giant wooden horse left inside the city. Today, the ancient city of Troy holds both archaeological and mythological significance, drawing thousands of visitors every year.
5. Miletus Ancient City – Aydın
Miletus was one of the most important cities in the ancient Greek world, serving as a center for science, philosophy, and art. Famous philosophers such as Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes lived and worked here, leaving behind a rich intellectual legacy. Some of the most important structures in Miletus include the theater, baths, and temples. The legends of Miletus are intertwined with philosophical discussions and the development of ancient Greek thought.
6. Zeugma Ancient City – Gaziantep
Zeugma is an ancient city from the Roman period, famous for its magnificent mosaics. The mosaics in Zeugma provide unique insights into Roman life and art. One of the most famous mosaics is the "Gypsy Girl," which is considered one of the most important and valuable works found in Zeugma. The history of Zeugma is filled with legends surrounding the city’s growth and the influence of the Roman Empire in the region.
7. Perge Ancient City – Antalya
The Perge Ancient City, located in Antalya, carries the marks of the Hellenistic period. The city saw great development during the Roman period, and the ruins here reflect the beauty of Roman architecture. The theater, stadium, and temples in Perge are significant structures showcasing the elegance of the Roman era. The history of Perge is steeped in myths and stories about rituals dedicated to the gods and the ancient inhabitants' beliefs.
8. Hattusa – Çorum
Hattusa was the capital of the Hittite Empire and is one of the most important archaeological sites in the region. The temples and fortification walls at Hattusa symbolize the power and culture of the Hittites. The city’s history is filled with myths and stories of kings and gods. The ancient inscriptions found here offer a glimpse into the religious beliefs and rituals of the Hittites.
Conclusion
Turkey's ancient structures are among the most important parts of our historical and cultural heritage. These structures are not only made of stone but are also full of centuries-old historical events, legends, and cultural marks. Exploring these ancient cities and buildings in Turkey offers an unparalleled opportunity to understand the civilizations, beliefs, and cultures that once flourished here. The ancient ruins of Ephesus, Troy, Göbekli Tepe, and other cities offer not only a glimpse into the past but also an opportunity to experience the magic and stories of ancient times.
